Ketones

  • They are Carbon Compounds attached to CO (Ketone group)
  • They are represented by ‘none’.
  • Examples Propanone, Butanone are Ketones.

 

Number of Carbon Atoms

Alkane Name

Ketone Names

1

Methane

 

 

CH 4

            -

2

Ethane

 

 

C 2 H 5

            -

3

Propane

Propanone

 

C 3 H 8

C 3 H 6 0

4

Butane

Butanone

 

C 4 H 10

C 4 H 8 0

5

Pentane

Pentanone

 

C 5 H 12

C 5 H 10 O

6

Hexane

Hexanone

 

C 6 H 14

C 6 H 12 0

 

Note:

  • There should be at least 3 carbon atoms to form Ketone
  • It is because the ketone group (-CO) always appears in the middle of the carbon chain.
  • It is surrounded by at least 1 carbon atom on each side.

 

Naming of different Ketones:

Step 1

We take Parent alkane by seeing number of carbon atoms

(If 3 carbon atoms, it is Prop, if 4 carbon atoms, we use But)

Step 2

We use the suffix like 'one' for (CO) group .

Example

  • If we have to Name CH 3 COCH 3 ,
  • It has 3 carbon atoms, it means it is 'Prop'

Since it has (CO) attached, we use 'one' suffix . Hence we get Propanone. Hence, there are a total of at least 3 carbon atoms.(One of CO group and other 2 of surrounding carbon atoms)

STRUCTURE OF PROPANONE - Teachoo.jpg

 

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Maninder Singh

CA Maninder Singh is a Chartered Accountant for the past 14 years and a teacher from the past 18 years. He teaches Science, Economics, Accounting and English at Teachoo