Differentiate between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons

 

Answer:
SATURATED HYDROCARBONS Vs UNSATURATED HYDROCARBONS - Teachoo.jpg


Saturated Hydrocarbons

Unsaturated Hydrocarbons

  • The hydrocarbons (i.e. the carbon and hydrogen containing compounds) which have only single bonds between all the carbon atoms are known as saturated hydrocarbons .
  • They are known as alkanes.
  • Due to the presence of only single bonds, they are less reactive and more stable .
  • They have a higher melting and boiling point because of the close packing of molecules.
  • The hydrogen atoms present in these compounds can be replaced by some other atoms which is known as a substitution reaction.

 

  • They undergo complete combustion on burning and produce non-sooty, blue flame.
  • Eg. Butane

BUTANE - Teachoo.jpg

  • In unsaturated hydrocarbons, apart from single bonds, double and triple covalent bonds are also present between carbon atoms.
  • The hydrocarbons having C-C double bonds are called alkene and the ones with C-C triple bonds are called alkynes.
  • They are comparatively more reactive and less stable .
  • They have a lower melting point because of the presence of double and triple bonds due to which close packing is not possible.
  • These compounds undergo addition reactions wherein addition of atoms takes place over double bond.

Reaction of Ethylene with Bromine - Teachoo.png

 

  • They undergo incomplete combustion on burning and produce yellow, sooty flame
  • Butene, Butyne 

BUTENE - Teachoo.jpg

BUTYNE - Teachoo.jpg

 

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CA Maninder Singh is a Chartered Accountant for the past 14 years and a teacher from the past 18 years. He teaches Science, Economics, Accounting and English at Teachoo