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To protect flora and fauna,government has established
- Wildlife Sanctuary
- National Park
- Biosphere Reserves
Wildlife Sanctuary
Areas where wildlife are protected
There is no disturbance to them and their wildlife
National Park
They are large areas .They protect not only wildlife but entire ecosystem (flora,fauna,landscape,historical objects)
Biosphere Reserve
They are large areas to protect biodiversity
Biodiversity is variety of plants and animals living in area
They also help to maintain culture of area (example tribals living in the area)
What is the Difference between National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary and Biosphere Reserve?
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Wildlife Sanctuary |
National Park |
Biosphere Reserve |
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They are established for the protection of only wildlife (wild animals) |
It protects plants, animals, historical objects and entire ecosystem (flora and fauna and non living things) |
It protects entire biodiversity (Biodiversity is variety of plants and animals living in area).
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Boundaries are not fixed |
Boundaries are fixed as per law of government |
Boundaries are fixed |
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There are less restrictions and human activity is allowed Example Grazing by their livestock, collecting medicinal plants, firewood, However hunting and capturing animals is prohibited |
Human Activities are not at all allowed Cutting of trees is not allowed |
There are more restrictions and human activity is not allowed in core zone However, it may be allowed in outermost zone and buffer zone |
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They may be owned by government or privately owned |
They are owned by the government only |
They are owned by the government |
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They are of small area |
They are also of small area |
They are also of comparatively large area |
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Examples Sanjay Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary |
Examples Corbett National Park Sunderban National Park |
Examples Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve Sunderbans National Reserve |
Biosphere reserves are very big. And they may also have national park and wildlife sanctuary inside it.
Example - The Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve consists of one national park named Satpura and two wildlife sanctuaries named Bori and Pachmarhi
Questions
NCERT Question 1 (a) - Fill in the blanks.
A place where animals are protected in their natural habitat is called ______________.
NCERT Question 2 (a) - Differentiate Wildlife sanctuary and biosphere reserve
Wildlife sanctuary and biosphere reserve
NCERT Question 2 (b) - Differentiate Zoo and wildlife sanctuary
Zoo and wildlife sanctuary
