Different Physical Properties of Metals and Non Metals

Physical Properties of Metals  are

Malleability

It means that metal can be beaten into thin sheets

Ductility

It means that metal can be stretched to form thin wires

Good conductors of Electricity

It means that electricity can pass through the metal

Good conductor of Heat

It means that heat can pass through the metal

Sonorousness

Metals produce ringing sound when hit hard, it means they are sonorous

Lustrous

Metals are shiny in nature, this means they are lustrous

What are Malleable and Non Malleable Items

Malleable Items

Those items which can be beaten into thin sheets is called Malleable item

Example

Metals like Iron, Steel, Zinc, Aluminium,Copper,Gold,Silver

Exception

Metals like Sodium and Potassium are soft and can be cut with a knife

Non Malleable Items

Those items which cannot be beaten into thin sheets are called Non Malleable item

The property of non metals that they break on beating is known as Brittleness

Example

Non Metals like Coal, Diamond,Lead,Sulphur,Phosphorus

Note- Diamond is the hardest non metal

What are Ductile and Non Ductile Items

Ductile Items

Those items which can be formed into thin wires are ductile items

Example

Metals like Iron,Gold,Silver,,Zinc and Copper are ductile,except mercury which is in liquid form

Non Ductile Items

Items which cannot be formed into thin wires are known as Non Ductile items

Example

Non Metals like Hydrogen and Oxygen

What are Good and Bad conductors of electricity

Good Conductors

Those item which easily allow electricity to pass through them

Example

Metals like Copper are used to make wires

Bad Conductors

Those item which do not allow the electricity to pass through them

Example

Non Metals like Wood and Plastic are used to make handles of utensils because

They are bad conductors of heat and do not allow heat to pass through them

So,they are used to make handles of screw drivers

Exception

Non Metals are normally bad conductor of electricity

However

Graphite is a non-metal but it is a good conductor of electricity.

What are Good and Bad conductors of Heat

Good conductors of heat

Those item which allow heat to pass through them

Example

Metals like Gold and Silver

Bad conductors of heat

Those item which do not allow heat to pass through them

Example

Non Metals like Wood and Plastic are used to make handles of utensils because they are bad conductors of electricity and do not allow heat to pass through them

What are Sonorous and Non Sonorous Items

Sonorous Items

Items which produce a ringing sound when hit with a hard object

Example

We use Iron bells in bicycles because Iron is Sonorous

Non Sonorous Items

Items which do not produce a ringing sound when hit with a hard object

Example

Non metals like Iodine and Carbon do not produce a ringing sound

How to find whether a particular object is a metal or non metal

We can find whether a particular object is metal or a non metal by striking it with a hammer

If it is a metal it will produce a ringing sound

If it is a non metal,it will not produce a ringing sound.

What are Lustrous and Non Lustrous Items

Lustrous Items

Items which are shiny are lustrous objects

Example

Metals like Gold and Silver

Non Lustrous Items

Items which are not shiny are non lustrous objects

Example:- Non Metals like Sulphur and Phosphorous

Examples of Metals And Non-Metals in Solid, Liquid and Gaseous form:-

Metals

Solid : Aluminium, Iron.

Liquid: Mercury, Zinc

Gas: There is no metal which exists in gaseous form.

Non- Metals

Solid: Sulphur and iodine.

Liquid: Bromine, Phosphorus.

Gas: Oxygen, Helium.

Questions

NCERT Question 1 - Which of the following can be beaten into thin sheets?

(a) Zinc

(b) Phosphorus

(c) Sulphur

(d) Oxygen

View Answer

NCERT Question 2 - Which of the following statements is correct?

(a) All metals are ductile.

(b) All non-metals are ductile.

(c) Generally, metals are ductile.

(d) Some non-metals are ductile.

View Answer

NCERT Question 3 (b) - Fill in the blanks :

Metals are…………….. conductors of heat and………………….. .

View Answer

NCERT Question 4 (d) - Mark ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ if it is false.

Coal can be drawn into wires.

View Answer

NCERT Question 5 - Some properties are listed in the following Table. Distinguish between metals and nonmetals on the basis of these properties.

View Answer

NCERT Question 6 - Give reasons for the following :

(a) Aluminium foils are used to wrap food items.

(b) Immersion rods for heating liquids are made up of metallic substances.

View Answer

NCERT Question 8 - In the following Table some substances are given in Column I. In Column II some uses are given. Match the items in column I with

those in Column II

View Answer