These formulas can be derived using x + y formulas
For sin 3x
sin 3x = sin (2x + x)
Using sin (x + y) = sin x cos y + cos x sin y
= sin 2x cos x + sin x cos 2x
Using cos 2x = 1 – 2 sin 2 x and sin 2x = 2 sin x cos x
= (2 sin x cos x) cos x + sin x (1 – 2sin 2 x)
= 2 sin x cos 2 x + sin x – 2sin 3 x
Using cos 2 x = 1 – sin 2 x
= 2 sin x (1 – sin 2 x) + sin x – 2sin 3 x)
= 2 sin x – 2sin 3 x + sin x – 2sin 3 x
= 3 sin x – 4 sin 3 x
For cos 3 x
cos 3x = cos (2x + x)
Using cos (x + y) = cos x cos y – sin x sin y
= cos 2x cos x – sin 2x sin x
Using cos 2x = 2 cos 2 x – 1 and sin 2x = 2 sin x cos x
= (2cos 2 x – 1) cos x – (2 sin x cos x) sin x
= 2cos 2 x – cos x – 2 sin 2 x cos x
Using sin 2 x = 1 – cos 2 x
= 2cos 3 x – cos x – 2 (1 – cos 2 x) cos x
= 2cos 3 x – cos x – 2 cos x (1 – cos 2 x)
= 2cos 3 x – cos x – 2 cos x + 2 cos 3 x
= 4cos 3 x – 3cos x
For tan 3x