Speech or Direct & Indirect Speech is one of the trickiest topics in Grammar.
Not only must you have a good understanding of the Rules of Converting Direct and Indirect Speech, but you must also be aware of the Exceptions in Direct and Indirect Speech.
Case 1:
He said, “I saw the sun rising in the east.”
He said that he had seen the sun rising in the east.
Case 2:
He said, “Sun rises in the East.”
He said that Sun rises in the East.