Angle between two lines - Direction ratios or cosines
Angle between two lines - Direction ratios or cosines
Last updated at April 16, 2024 by Teachoo
Ex 11.2, 3 Show that the line through the points (4, 7, 8), (2, 3, 4) is parallel to the line through the points (–1, –2, 1), (1, 2, 5).Two lines having direction ratios 𝑎1, b1, c1 and 𝑎2, b2, c2 are parallel if 𝒂𝟏/𝒂𝟐 = 𝒃𝟏/𝒃𝟐 = 𝒄𝟏/𝒄𝟐 Also, a line passing through (x1, y1, z1) and (x2, y2, z2) has the direction ratios (x2 − x1), (y2 − y1), (z2 − z1) A (4, 7, 8), B (2, 3, 4) Direction ratios = 2 − 4, 3 − 7, 4 − 8 = −2, −4, −4 ∴ 𝒂𝟏 = −2, 𝒃𝟏 = −4, 𝒄𝟏 = −4 C (−1, −2, 1), D (1, 2, 5) Direction ratios = 1 − (−1), 2 − (−2), 5 − 1 = 2, 4, 4 ∴ 𝒂𝟐 = 2, 𝒃𝟐 = 4, 𝒄𝟐 = 4 Now, 𝒂𝟏/𝒂𝟐 = (−2)/2 = –1 𝒃𝟏/𝒃𝟐 = (−4)/4 = –1 𝒄𝟏/𝒄𝟐 = (−4)/4 = –1 Since 𝑎1/𝑎2 = 𝑏1/𝑏2 = 𝑐1/𝑐2 = −1 Thus, the direction ratios are proportional Therefore, the given lines are parallel.