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Raina while doing certain reactions observed that heating of substance ‘X’ with vinegar like smell with a substance ‘Y’ (which is used as an industrial solvent) in presence of conc.
Sulphuric acid on a water bath gives a sweet-smelling liquid ‘Z’ having molecular formula C 4 H 8 O 2 . When heated with caustic soda (NaOH), ‘Z’ gives back the sodium salt of and the compound ‘Y’.
Identify ‘X’, ‘Y’, and ‘Z’. Illustrate the changes with the help of suitable chemical equations
Answer:
Vinegar like smelling substance ‘X’ is acetic acid (CH 3 COOH)
The industrial solvent ‘Y’ is Ethanol (C 2 H 5 OH)
When both X and Y react in the presence of concentrated H 2 SO 4 , esterification reaction occurs:
The sweet smelling ester ‘Z’ that is formed is CH 3 COOC 2 H 5 (ethyl ethanoate)
CH 3 COOC 2 H 5 reacts with NaOH as:
This is called saponification reaction
