Question 5 - Past Year Questions - 5 Marks - Chapter 6 Class 10 Geography - Manufacturing Industries - Geography

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Points to remember

1. Undesirable gases , airborne particulate emitted by chemical and paper factories , refineries and melting plants and the burning of fossil fuels are responsible for a ir pollution .
2. 1 litre of wasterwater from industry pollutes eight times the quantity of fresh water.
3. Inorganic and Organic waste discharged into rivers by paper , pulp , chemical , and petroleum refineries are mainly responsible for water pollution.
4. Thermal pollution of water occurs when hot water from factories is drained into water bodies causing cancers , birth defects and miscarriages .
5. Noise pollution is caused by construction activities , factories and machinery etc. which causes irritation , stress , anger , hearing impairment , and increases heart rate and blood pressure .

Answer to be written

Industries do contribute significantly to the growth and development of the economy but increasing land, air, water and thermal pollution by industries and the resulting degradation of the environment cannot be ignored. Industries are responsible for environmental degradation in India in the following ways:

1. High proportion of undesirable gas such as sulphur dioxide and monoxide , airborne particulate contains solid and liquid particles like dust, sprays mist and smoke that is emitted by chemical and paper factories , brick kilns , refineries and melting plants , and the burning of fossil fuels in big and small factories that ignore pollution norms are responsible for air pollution that affects human health , animals, plants, buildings and the atmosphere as a whole.
   
   
2. Every litre of wastewater discharged by our industry pollutes eight times the quantity of freshwater. 
   
   
3. Inorganic and Organic waste discharged into rivers by paper , pulp , chemical , and petroleum refineries are mainly responsible for water pollution.
   
   
4. Thermal pollution of water occurs when hot water from factories and thermal plants is drained into water bodies like rivers and ponds before cooling. Cancers , birth defects and miscarriages are caused by wastes from nuclear power plants , and nuclear and weapon production facilities.
   
   
5. Industrial and construction activities, machinery, factory equipment, Generators, Saws, and pneumatic and electric drills are mainly responsible for noise pollution that later causes irritation , anger , hearing impairment , increases heart rate and blood pressure and stress .