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Read the source given below and answer the following questions:
In May 1945, Germany surrendered to the Allies. Anticipating what was coming, Hitler, his propaganda minister Goebbels and his entire family committed suicide collectively in his Berlin bunker in April. At the end of the war, an International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg was set up to prosecute Nazi War Criminals for Crimes against Peace, for War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity. Germany's conduct during the war, especially those actions which came to be called Crimes Against Humanity, raised serious moral and ethical questions and invited worldwide condemnation. What were these acts? Under the shadow of the Second World War, Germany had waged a Genocidal war, which resulted in the mass murder of selected groups of innocent civilians of Europe. The number of people killed included 6 million Jews, 200,000 Gypsies, 1 million Polish Civilians, 70,000 Germans who were considered mentally and physically disabled, besides innumerable political opponents. Nazis devised an unprecedented means of killing people, that is, by gassing them in various killing centres like Auschwitz. The Nuremberg Tribunal sentenced only eleven leading Nazis to death. Many others were imprisoned for life. The retribution did come, yet the punishment of the Nazis was far short of the brutality and extent of their crimes. The Allies did not want to be as harsh on defeated Germany as they had been after the First World War.
Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option:
Question i
When did Germany surrender to the Allies?
(a) In July 1945
(b) In May 1945
(c) In March 1945
(d) In June 1945
Answer:
From the paragraph
In May 1945, Germany surrendered to the Allies. Anticipating what was coming, Hitler, his propaganda minister Goebbels and his entire family committed suicide collectively in his Berlin bunker in April.
So, the correct option is (b): In May 1945
Question ii
Killing on a large scale of people leading to destruction is called:
(a) Accidental War
(b) Suicidal War
(c) Genocidal War
(d) Artificial War
Answer:
From the paragraph
Under the shadow of the Second World War, Germany had waged a Genocidal war, which resulted in the mass murder of selected groups of innocent civilians of Europe. The number of people killed included 6 million Jews, 200,000 Gypsies, 1 million Polish Civilians, 70,000 Germans who were considered mentally and physically disabled, besides innumerable political opponents.
So, the correct option is (c): Genocidal War
Question iii
In 1941 Allied power of UK and France were also joined by the:
(a) USSR and Japan
(b) Japan and China
(c) Italy and Germany
(d) USSR and USA
Answer:
So, the correct option is (d): USSR and USA
Explanation
During the second world initially the Allied powers were headed by UK and France. In 1941, they were joined by the USSR and USA.
Question iv
Which category of people were the biggest victim of Nazis?
(a) Gypsies
(b) Jews
(c) Polish Civilians
(d) Mentally and physically disabled Germans
Answer:
From the Paragraph
Under the shadow of the Second World War, Germany had waged a Genocidal war, which resulted in the mass murder of selected groups of innocent civilians in Europe. The number of people killed included 6 million Jews, 200,000 Gypsies, 1 million Polish Civilians, 70,000 Germans who were considered mentally and physically disabled, besides innumerable political opponents.
So, the correct option is (b): Jews
