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Arrange the following statements in sequential order based on the events that shaped the Non-cooperation movement.
i. General Dyer opened fire at the large crowd gathered in the enclosed ground of Jallianwalla Bagh.
ii. “Forced recruitment” carried out by the British government and the economic hardships faced by the people during the first world war.
iii. The defeat of the Ottoman Emperor of Turkey led to the formation of the Khilafat movement.
iv. Gandhiji launched a nationwide satyagraha against the Rowlatt act.
Options:
a. iv, iii, ii, i
b. ii, i, iii, iv
c. i, iv, iii, ii
d. i, ii, iii, iv
Answer:
Answer by Student
The correct option is (b) ii, i, iii, iv.
Detailed Explanation by Teachoo
Let’s arrange the statements in sequential order based on the events that shaped the Non-cooperation movement.
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Statement ii: “Forced recruitment” carried out by the British government and the economic hardships faced by the people during the first world war.
Through the war years, prices increased – doubling between
1913 and 1918
– leading to extreme hardship for the common people. Villages were called upon to supply soldiers, and the forced recruitment in rural areas caused widespread anger. The war also caused economic hardships for the people, as prices rose, taxes increased and crops failed.
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Statement i: General Dyer opened fire at the large crowd gathered in the enclosed ground of Jallianwalla Bagh.
This statement refers to the event that took place on
13 April 1919,
in Amritsar. A large crowd of people had gathered in Jallianwalla Bagh to protest against the arrest of two nationalist leaders. General Dyer, a British officer, ordered his troops to fire at the unarmed crowd without any warning. Hundreds of people were killed and wounded in this brutal massacre.
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Statement iii: The defeat of the Ottoman Emperor of Turkey led to the formation of the Khilafat movement.
This statement refers to the event of the
Khilafat movement
, which was launched by Indian Muslims in support of the Ottoman Emperor of Turkey, who was considered as their spiritual leader or Khalifa. The defeat of Turkey in the First World War and the harsh terms imposed on it threatened to abolish the institution of Khilafat. This led to widespread agitation among Indian Muslims
and led to the Khilafat movement in
1919.
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Statement iv: Gandhiji launched a nationwide satyagraha against the Rowlatt Act.
Gandhiji considered Rowlatt Act as unjust and oppressive and launched a nationwide satyagraha against it. He asked people to observe hartals, boycotts, and civil disobedience to protest against the act. Non-Cooperation-Khilafat Movement began in January 1921 .
Thus, the correct order of statements is ii, i, iii, iv .
So, the correct option is (b) ii, i, iii, iv.
