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Question 1
Who was called as the architect of the Germany's Unification?
Answer:
Otto von Bismarck
Points to Remember
Nationalist feelings were widespread among middle-class Germans , who in 1848 tried to unite the different regions of the German confederation into a nation-state governed by an elected parliament. Otto Von Bismarck , was the architect of this process carried out with the help of the Prussian army and bureaucracy.
Question 2
Name the Civil Code of 1804 which established equality before law and secured the right to property in France.
Answer:
Napoleonic Code
Points to Remember
The Civil Code of 1804 is also known as the Napoleonic Code . The Napoleonic Code did away with all the privileges based on birth , established equality before the law and secured the right to property.
Question 3
Interpret the concept of ‘liberalisation’ in the field of economic sphere during the nineteenth century in Europe.
Answer:
Liberalization in the economic field means freedom of markets and abolition of state-imposed restrictions on the movement of goods and capital.
Points to Remember
Liberalism is derived from the Latin word libe r, meaning free . In the economic sphere, liberalism stands for the freedom of markets , abolition of state imposed restrictions. During the nineteenth century this was a very strong demand of the emerging middle classes.
Question 4
Explain the aim to form 'Zollverein' a customs Union in 1834 in Germany.
Answer:
In 1834, a customs union or zollverein was formed at the initiative of Prussia and joined by most of the German states . The union abolished tariff barriers and reduced the number of currencies from 30 to 2.
Points to Remember
There were many obstacles to economic exchange and growth by the new commercial classes , who argued for the creation of a unified economic territory . In 1834, a customs union or zollverein was formed.
Question 5
Who was proclaimed German Emperor in a ceremony held at Versailles in January 1871?
Answer:
In January 1871 , the Prussian king, William I , was proclaimed German Emperor in a ceremony held at Versailles.
Points to Remember
Three wars over seven years with Austria, Denmark and France ended in Prussian victory which led to competition in the process of German unification. In January 1871 , the Prussian king, William I , was proclaimed German Emperor in a ceremony held at Versailles.
Question 6
Who was proclaimed the King of United Italy in 1861?
Answer:
In 1861 Victor Emmanuel II was proclaimed king of united Italy.
Points to Remember
Victor Emmanuel II was king of Sardinia from 1849 to 1861 and then the first king of Italy until 1878 . He worked to free Italy from foreign control and became a central figure of the movement for Italian unification.
