Is Debt and Deficit Stock or Flow?
We know that Stock is measured at a particular point of time
Debt is measured annually as on 31 March, hence it is a Stock
Example = Deficit as on 31 March 2021
Flow is always defined over a period of time
Hence, Deficit is a Flow as it is measured for a particular period
Example
Budgetary Deficit for year 2020-21
Deficit is a Flow which adds to Stock of Debt.
Explain
We know that
Debt is measured annually as on 31 March, hence it is a Stock
Also
Deficit is a Flow as it is measured for a particular period
More the Deficit, More the Govt has to borrow to meet the deficit
Hence, Deficit leads to increase in Debt
So we can say that
Deficit is a flow which adds to stock of Debt