Question 2 (i) - Chapter 3 Class 10 Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables (Important Question)

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Ex 3.6, 2 Formulate the following problems as a pair of equations, and hence find their solutions: (i) Ritu can row downstream 20 km in 2 hours, and upstream 4 km in 2 hours. Find her speed of rowing in still water & speed of the current. Let the speed of boat in still water be x km/hr & let the speed of current be y km/hr Now, Speed downstream = x + y Speed upstream = x – y Ritu can row 20 km downstream in 2 hours For downstream Distance = 20 km Time = 2 hours Speed = x + y We know that Speed = (𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 )/𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 x + y = 20/2 x + y = 10 Ritu can row 4 km upstream in 2 hours For upstream Distance = 4 km Time = 2 hours Speed = x – y We know that Speed = (𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 )/𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 x – y = 4/2 x – y = 2 Hence, our equations are x + y = 10 …(1) x – y = 2 …(2) From (1) x + y = 10 x = 10 – y Putting x = 10 – y in (2) x – y = 2 (10 – y) – y = 2 – 2y = 2 – 10 – 2y = −8 y = (−8)/(−2) y = 4 Putting y = 4 in (1) x + y = 10 x + 4 = 10 x = 10 – 4 x = 6 Thus, x = 6, y = 4 is the solution Hence Speed of boat in still water = x = 6 km/hr Speed of stream = y = 4 km/hr