How are Ions formed?

Atom contains:

Protons which are Positively charged

Electrons which are Negatively charged

Neutrons which are Neutral

In an atom, the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons .

So the positive and negative charges are balanced out

Ions are formed when atoms lose or gain electrons .

In formation of ions;

• Cation : When an atom loses an electron , 

The negative charge reduces .

Thus it becomes positively charged - Cation, because;

The number of positively charged protons becomes more than negatively charged electrons

• Anion : When atom gains an electron ,

The negative charge increases .

Thus it becomes negatively charged - Anion, because;

The number of negatively charged electrons becomes more than positively charged protons